What is Word Arts? We Explained With Examples

Turkish is one of the most ancient languages ​​spoken for thousands of years. But just because a language is old doesn’t necessarily mean it’s rich. We are lucky, our Turkish is a very rich language. We understand this richness from the rhetoric we can use. Even when you write a language with different words using rhetoric If you can give the meaning you want, then a delicious text will emerge for those who know this language.

Many of us saw the subject of rhetoric in literature class, memorized it for exams and forgot it. However, rhetoric means the foundations of literature. A poem, a novel or a story becomes a boring text if it is written without rhetoric. Only a master writer can present the words we know in a unique way. Bride what is the word arts, what are the types Let’s examine the frequently asked questions through examples.

What are rhetoric?

The rhetoric, also known as the literary arts, with its most basic definition; It is the acquisition of new meanings by using words other than their known meanings. Instead of a frequently used ordinary word or sentence, using a phrase or sentence enriched by using rhetoric will enrich the expression and will attract the attention of the reader.

The rhetoric we use in Turkish and their examples:

• arts related to metaphors
  • Rosary
    • full analogy
    • Teşbih-i elig
    • representational simile
  • Metaphor
    • open metaphor
    • closed metaphor
    • representative metaphor
  • Mecaz-i mursel
  • Allusion
  • Diagnosis and intact
  • style
• arts of meaning
  • amenability
  • Tevry
  • Tecahül-i arif
  • Hüsn-i talil
  • Contrast
  • Leff-u nasr
  • reference
  • Exaggeration
  • repeat
  • Cry
  • resignation
  • recourse
  • terdid
  • Thick
  • Sahl-i mumteni
  • Flow
• verbal arts
  • Pun
  • Alliteration
  • choice
  • İrsal-ı parable

Arts related to metaphors:

These are the arts in which the word is used outside of its known meaning. In these arts made with the similarity between two objects, It is aimed to give vitality and beauty to the text.

A med time sky covered in lead The word lead used in the verse was used as a cloud, and it was made a metaphor.

Rosary:

In the art of simile, there are similarities between them in terms of meaning. The weaker of the two objects is compared to the stronger one. Words can be used in their literal meanings as well as metaphorically. There are four basic elements in the art of simile, also known as simile;

• simulated
• likened to him
• analogy direction
• simile preposition

Full analogy:

In the art of full simile, also known as detailed simile, all of the similes are used.

Sample;

• Ali is brave like a lion.

Tasbih-i eloquence:

In the art of simile, also known as beautiful simile, only items that are similar and likened to itself are used. The aspect of simile and the preposition of simile are not included.

Sample;

• heaven homeland
• goldenrods

Representative simile:

In the art of representational simile, also known as representational simile all the features of the like, is collected in the item that is likened to it. Tevfik Fikret likened the homeland to a plane tree in his poem Sycamore.

Sample;

You know, one day from Topkapi with you

we were coming; a roadside square

We saw a plane tree, wide, tall, dignified

A tree: never bowed, haughty.

A big body maybe six centuries

Maybe more than that, pensive, heavy

He lived a carefree life.

Metaphor:

In the art of metaphor, which is also known as metaphor, one of the elements that is likened or likened to itself is said. In metaphor, the true meaning of a word is removed. Calling a brave person a lion and a cunning person a fox is an example of this art.

Open metaphor:

In the art of open metaphor, also known as open metaphor only the element that is likened to itself used.

Sample;

• I am a sacrifice to the lamb lying in the cradle.
• The trees stripped off their clothes in the fall.
• Did it snow on my temples?

Open metaphoric forms in folk and divan literature mazmun is called. Calling tall cypress, eyebrow crescent, tooth pearl, mouth bud are examples of mazmun.

Closed metaphor:

In the art of closed metaphor, also known as closed metaphor one cannot be said to be likened to himself, only similar is used.

Sample;

• Wheels throw things on the road.
• The neck of the day was bent on the horizon.
• They ripped my arm off.
• Ali roared towards the enemy.

Representative metaphor:

In the art of closed metaphor, also known as representational metaphor only the similar or similar element is used. It is similar to, but not identical to, symbolic poetry.

Sample;

If it’s time to buy iron now,

A ship to the unknown departs from this port,

The road takes silently as if it has no passengers.

It doesn’t shake, neither a handkerchief nor an arm

Mecaz-i mursel:

Metaphor-ı mursel, also known as name transfer, without the simile purpose of a word It is an art in which it is used outside of its known meaning.

Sample;

• Have you read Halit Ziya?
• The ferry approached Beşiktaş.
• I lit the stove.
• he has no head
• It’s been raining for three days
• Put on your feet.
• Famous rackets have returned to our country.

Allusion:

A word used in allusion to the reader in order to make you think of both the known literal meaning and the figurative meaning. used. The meaning valid in the trope is the figurative meaning of the word.

Sample;

• That man’s door is always open.
• I’m hollow, I have a big problem.
• Are you the stone-shouted mountains?

Diagnosis and contact:

In the art of diagnosis, also known as personification while giving human characteristics to different entities and concepts; In the art of intak, which is also known as speaking, the human-specific speech feature is transferred to different beings. Not all diagnoses are intact, but every intact diagnosis is a diagnosis.

Sample;

• The clouds shed tears.
• One day, the jug said to the jug: “Let’s hit the road”. Testi said: “I’m afraid.” He wanted to stay at home.
• The flowers stopped.

Style:

The word used in the art of tariq, which is also known as sarcasm and rhetoric, both literally and figuratively, in the opposite sense used.

Sample;

• Said to the late person ‘Oh, how early have you come!’ sentence
• said to the lazy person ‘What hard work!’ sentence

Arts related to meaning:

In the arts of meaning, a word or words with meaning used literally.

Inheritance:

Harmony is in the art of proportion, also called conformity. words that fit together in meaning used together.

Sample;

Spring has come again, from the sound of the nightingale

Did the plateaus give sada and call out?

Your side is covered with tulip hyacinths

Did you become a bride and adorned the plateaus?

Patrol:

A word in the art of tauriye, also known as double literal in multiple senses or used to mean distant.

Sample;

• Hands rub the rose oil, if it cracks nightingale
• The wind turned me into a leaf in the air

Tecahül-i arif:

In the art of tejahül-i arif, which is also known as ignorance, a known fact spoken in a humorous way.

Sample;

There was also another color of the sky

I realized too late that the stone is hard

Water would drown man, fire burn

That every day is a problem

People will understand when they reach this age.

Hüsn-i talil:

An event whose cause is known in the art of Hüsn-i talil, for an unrealistic reason is explained.

Sample;

• Every one of the many who went is satisfied / Many years have passed, no one has returned from his expedition
• There is all the mourning of my soul in the pot. The bud that opens is breathing with my trouble.
• O dear, since you left this city / The trees have fallen leaves, the sky has grown

Contrast:

Contrast, in the art of contrast, also known as opposition opposite concepts used together.

Sample;

• Why do you look so hostile / Mirrors that I’ve known as friends for years?
• The silence is ringing

Leff-ü neşr:

In the art of leff-ü neşr, which is also known as opening and spreading between lines or in prose word symmetry.

Sample;

Buy-i rose is appreciated, the embroidered end of the nose

Someone has been a hoy someone has been a dest-cost you

Reference:

Association, in the art of reference known as allusion a past event that everyone knows is reminded.

Sample;

With Jesus in the sky

With Moses on the mountain of Tur

With the wand in hand

Let me call you my lord

Exaggeration:

An event in the art of exaggeration, also known as exaggeration, larger or smaller than is displayed.

Sample;

Heavens in death lowering, earth in dead eruption,

What an awesome guy. Wreck-i human being tossed away…

head, eye, trunk, leg, arm, jaw, finger, hand, foot

Divorce ridges, valleys, torrential downpours!

Repeat:

Some words in the art of repetition, also known as repetition, repetition. repeated to reinforce the meaning.

Sample;

I said what is a pearl, it is my tooth

I said what is a pencil, he said it’s my eyebrow

I said what is fifteen he said is my age

I said is there any more he said no no

Cry:

In the art of chanting, also known as chanting will add enthusiasm to the meaning vocalizations are used.

Sample;

You, O Kars, Antep, Erzurum, Maraş people

Brothers, two of the four of whom were martyred

Hey, the land of zeybeks, seymen, dadaşlar!

Resignation:

In the art of forging, also known as the art of questioning to strengthen the meaning questions are asked.

Sample;

It made me tired from the heart, won’t you get tired of the pain?

Feleks have burned, my wish does not burn?

Recourse:

In the art of recourse, also known as withdrawal, renunciation, renunciation conflicting ideas are mentioned.

Sample;

Erbab-ı Teşaur increased and the poet decreased.

No, it’s not like that, but the name of the poet remained.

Ferda is yours, I said, you applauded me

Not yours, the individual is a vedi to you.

Terdid:

An event in the art of terdid, also known as unexpectedness terminated unexpectedly surprise meaning.

Sample;

Have you teethache?

pull away

Do you have a headache?

Two aspirins to a quarter

Can you give?

Don’t worry, it has a solution.

You will die!

Thick:

In order to strengthen the meaning in the art of kat’i, also known as the monk. word is interrupted.

Sample;

The day is so beautiful!

The world is so beautiful

as you live

The evening is so beautiful!

So beautiful is the moon in the evening

woman on the moon…

Sahl-i mumteni:

Sahl-i mumteni is simple in his art, but deep meaning explanations are included.

Sample;

I’m flesh and bone

I looked like a dolphin

I’m not me when you say me too

There is a me inside me

Flow:

in the sentence in the art of flow previous word repeated using the reverse.

Sample;

must eat to live

Don’t live to eat

Verbal arts:

the structure of a word, according to the spelling and pronunciation organized rhetoric.

Pun:

Same as sound but in the art of pun different in meaning words are used together.

Sample;

take me, take me

Cut me down and take me.

love yourself if you will

Don’t make me love.

Alliteration:

In the art of alliteration, also known as sound and syllable repetition, to create sound beauty Some syllables are repeated.

Sample;

• The snowy black mountains opposite are dark, the grass does not grow.

Select:

In the art of sici, also known as inner rhyme rhymes are made at the end of sentences.

Sample;

It will be so, the world will be pleasant to the person;

From end to end, the rose becomes a rose.

İrsal-ı parable:

Understanding in the art of irsal-ı mesel, also known as sampling appropriate proverbs used.

Sample;

Not to go to the hereafter in the world

If not, it would be necessary not to die

“Fish stinks from the head”, not knowing it

Seyrani from the stupidity of the heedless

used to show the richest aspects of a language what is rhetoric, what are the types of rhetoric We answered the curious questions such as and explained the types with examples.