Blood means life. If we do not have enough blood in our body, we will die. For this reason, blood transfer is performed when our blood rate decreases in accidents and similar situations. At this point, blood groups are of vital importance. We answered important questions such as how blood groups are determined and between which groups the transfer is made.
The most important need for human life is blood. Because blood has a system that meets many needs for the body, especially to carry oxygen. However, not all blood is the same. Scientists, according to some properties of blood blood groups they have created. The purpose of blood group categorization, To ensure that compatible groups are used in case of possible blood transfer.
blood groups The consequences of a blood transfer between two people who are different can be fatal. However, blood transfer from the same group does not necessarily have to be done. There are some blood groups that can be given to or taken from any group. Even if it seems a bit complicated, it is enough to know your own and your relatives’ blood groups. Important details about blood groups Let’s take a closer look.
How are blood groups determined?
In order to answer the question of how blood groups are determined, first of all, It is necessary to see what the components of blood are. in blood; There are red blood cells that carry oxygen, white blood cells that protect immunity, plasma that carries protein and salt, and platelets that provide clotting. In other words, there are 4 basic components that make blood blood.
The blood groups categorization is made according to the antigens on the red cells. Antigens are also molecules and can consist of protein or sugar. Which antigen coats the red blood cells According to him, he is considered a certain blood group. However, antigen is not the only factor.
It represents one type of antigen group found on red blood cells, while another type of antigen is It represents Rhesus, that is, the Rh classification. Rhesus antigen is a protein. This protein is so named because it was first seen in the blood of Rhesus monkeys. To summarize, blood groups are determined according to the antigen that covers the red blood cells in the blood.
How many blood groups are there?
According to the first antigen that covers the red blood cells in the blood, there are four basic blood groups: A, B, AB and 0. When the Rhesus value, which is determined according to the other antigen covering the cells, is calculated, the number of these blood groups increases to eight. So like this 8 blood groups are available.
- 0 Rh+
- 0 Rh-
- A Rh+
- A Rh-
- B Rh+
- B Rh-
- AB Rh+
- AB Rh-
Wherever you go in the world, you meet All humans belong to one of these 8 blood groups. For this reason, it is useful to know how to say your blood type in English, just in case you travel abroad. Zero (0) blood group is also referred to as O in foreign languages.
Which blood groups can give blood to each other?
Let’s get to the point where things get messy. First of all, we should state that each individual has to know what the blood group is of himself, his spouse, children, parents and other close contacts. Or due to incompatibility of blood groups Even sudden death may occur as a result of these reactions.
- 0 RH+ blood group 0 Rh+, A Rh+, B Rh+, AB Rh+ can donate blood to blood groups.
- 0 Rh- blood group to all blood groups can donate blood.
- A Rh+ blood group A Rh+, AB Rh+ can donate blood to blood groups.
- A Rh- blood group A Rh+, A Rh-, AB Rh+, AB Rh- can donate blood to blood groups.
- B Rh+ blood group B Rh+, AB Rh+ can donate blood to blood groups.
- B Rh- blood group B Rh+, B Rh-, AB Rh+, AB Rh- can donate blood to blood groups.
- AB Rh+ blood group AB Rh+ can donate blood to blood group.
- AB Rh- blood group AB Rh+, AB Rh- can donate blood to blood groups.
To summarize this table roughly; each blood group can exchange blood with its own blood group, 0 Rh- blood group all groups can donate blood If AB Rh+ blood group He can’t give blood to any group other than himself, but he can take from all of them.
Not everyone needs to know the transfer characteristics of these 8 blood groups. Only your own and your relatives’ blood type and Knowing which groups they can transfer with enough for daily life. However, it is possible to save the life of even someone you do not know by knowing a little detail.
What is the universal blood group?
We can talk about two types of universal blood groups as universal recipient and universal donor. Universal donor is 0 Rh- blood group because it can donate blood to any blood group. Universal recipient is AB Rh+ blood group because it can receive blood from any blood group. In other words, if you have an acquaintance with 0 Rh- blood group, you are very lucky.
What happens in the blood transfer of incompatible groups?
In cases such as accident, injury, surgery, when the blood level in the person’s body decreases, it is necessary to transfer blood from the outside. If the blood transfused externally into the body is not compatible with the person’s blood blood cells that see a foreign substance enter the body begins to fight these new blood cells.
Reactions that may directly affect life functions may occur as a result of the struggle. Another possibility is that these different blood cells do not combine. blood cells when it does not coalesce, it collects in the veins and forms a clot. They can create situations with frightening consequences such as sudden death and paralysis. That’s why knowing your blood type is life-saving.
Interesting information about blood groups:
- Blood types were first seen in dog blood analyzed in 1875.
- In the studies carried out in 1901, blood groups were determined as A, B, C, but the following year they reached the final definition as A, B, 0, AB groups.
- According to the Red Crescent data, in our country most common and most needed blood group A is Rh+ blood group.
- The blood type is hereditary, meaning it comes from the family.
- Almost all of the population in China has A Rh+ blood group.
- 4 in dogs, 11 in cats, more than 800 blood types in cows detected.
- Personality analysis by blood type is quite common in Japan.
- Although not accepted by everyone, group A is seen as calm, group B as creative, group AB as thoughtful, and group 0 as leader.
What you need to know to avoid mistakes that could cost you your life We explained important details about blood groups. It cannot be expected that everyone will be able to master the transfer characteristics of all blood types, but at least you can prevent possible accidents by knowing your and your relatives’ blood type.