When Was the Belgrade Treaty Made? Cause, Significance, Consequences

The Ottoman Empire, which was founded at the end of the 13th century, expanded over the years and became a great empire. Even though it went through difficult times, it managed to become the most powerful state in the world for centuries. But every empire has an end. The Ottoman Empire entered a period of decline in the 18th century. During this period, he lost land rapidly and a process began in the eyes of the world, in which he would be referred to as the sick man, step by step.

Even during the decline period, the Ottoman Empire signed the Belgrade Treaty, the last lucrative treaty in its history. Treaty of Belgrade for both Ottoman and world history It is extremely important because with this treaty, there have been changes in the politics of many countries and international politics. Bride What is the Belgrade Treaty, when was it made Let’s take a closer look at the importance and consequences of such questions.

Let’s start with the basics, what is the Belgrade Treaty?

The Belgrade Treaty was signed while the Ottoman Empire was in decline. It is a peace treaty signed with Russia and Austria in 1739. This treaty, signed during the reign of Sultan Mahmud I, is considered the last lucrative treaty signed by the Ottoman Empire. In all the treaties to be made later, the Ottomans either lost territory or gave concessions.

When was the Belgrade Treaty made?

Before the Treaty of Belgrade With the Archduchy of Austria on 18 September 1739, if later with the Russian Empire on October 3, 1739. has been signed. The Belgrade Treaty was signed during the decline period of the Ottoman Empire, which started with the 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz and lasted until the 1792 Yas Treaty. It is considered extremely important in this respect.

During which sultan’s reign was the Belgrade Treaty signed?

The decline period of the Ottoman Empire, which started with the 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz, It is also called the Tulip Era. In this process, there were many internal rebellions such as the Patrona Halil Rebellion and many wars with neighboring countries. During this period, III. Ahmed was dethroned and Mahmud I was enthroned instead. Sultan Mahmud I both suppressed the internal revolts and regulated the external political balances by signing the Belgrade Treaty.

Between which countries was the Belgrade Treaty signed?

In the period before the Belgrade Treaty was signed, the Ottoman Empire was experiencing a real nightmare. Russia and Austria united He was attacking the Ottoman lands in Europe. During this period, many cities such as Izvornik, Banyaluka, Wallachia, Ozi, Crimea, Azov were occupied by the Russians and Austrians.

II in Russia. Anna Ivanovna, who took the throne after Peter’s death, does not sit idly by, she is fighting on the eastern border of the Ottoman Empire for centuries. provoking Iran. It caused the Ottomans to fight on different fronts. The Treaty of Belgrade, which was a peace treaty to stop all this confusion, was signed first with the Archduchy of Austria on September 18, 1739, and then with the Russian Empire on October 3, 1739.

So, what is the significance of the Belgrade Treaty?

During the decline period of the Ottoman Empire, which started with the 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz and lasted until the 1792 Yas Treaty especially in Europe There was and will continue to be a loss of land in many regions. Even in places that were not lost yet, rebellions were constantly breaking out and the administration was struggling.

The 1739 Treaty of Belgrade was a peace treaty signed without loss. The Russians gave back what they took, withdrew. and they accepted the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire in the Black Sea. From this perspective, all historians agree that the Belgrade Treaty was the last lucrative treaty signed by the Ottoman Empire. In all the treaties to be made later, the Ottomans either lost territory or gave concessions.

Reasons for the Belgrade Treaty:

One cannot help but think, since the Ottoman Empire lost so much land and How did he sign a lucrative treaty when he was in decline? We can say that this situation was the last struggle of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans, who could not bear this much, entered the lost lands with their last strength and defeated the Austrian army.

Although an agreement was reached with the defeated Austria, Russia did not immediately approach peace. At this point France got involved and made suggestions in Austria. Finally, Russia, unable to withstand the peace raids, accepted the situation and signed the Belgrade Treaty. In other words, the Belgrade Treaty was signed partly by the power of the Ottomans and partly by the mediation of France.

Features and articles of the Belgrade Treaty:

• In the first article, it is mentioned that friendship and that revenge should not be taken.
• In the second article, its limits are mentioned.
• The third article is about Azov Castle.
• Mutual citizen rights are included in the fourth article.
• In the fifth article, the peoples of the two sides are mentioned.
• Kabarte is included in the sixth article.
• In the seventh article, prisoners are mentioned.
• Asylum requests are included in the eighth article.
• Trade rules are determined in the ninth article.
• In the tenth article, local people are mentioned.
• In the eleventh article, clergy and holy places are mentioned.
• In the twelfth article, imperial titles are included.
• In the thirteenth article, the signatory committee is mentioned.
• In the fourteenth article, the reception of ambassadors is mentioned.
• In the fifteenth article, the issue of approval is discussed.
• Finally, there is the summary of the agreement.

Treaty of Belgrade signed in 1739 between the Ottoman Empire, the Archduchy of Austria and the Russian Empire It consisted of 15 items and a conclusion. To summarize in general, we can say that the articles and features of the Belgrade Treaty are as above.

Results of the Belgrade Treaty:

• Russia left Wallachia and Crimea it occupied.
• The Azov Castle was left to the Russians on the condition that it be demolished.
• The Russians agreed not to have merchant or warships in the Black Sea.
• The Russian Tsar was considered equivalent to the king of Austria and France, in the order of protocol.
• Kabarda was recognized as a neutral zone.
• The Azov Fortress was considered the border between Russia and the Ottoman Empire.
• Austria; Serbia gave back Belgrade, Wallachia and Bosnia.
• The capitulations granted to France were extended indefinitely.

As a result of the Belgrade Treaty, the Black Sea was accepted as a Turkish lake for the last time. The longest peace in history was established between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. The dream of the Russians to land in warm seas was again shattered. The Ottoman Empire strengthened its position in the eyes of the western states. Perhaps the only bad side of the treaty is the indefinite extension of the capitulations given to France and the cession of the holy lands in Jerusalem to French control. The capitulations paved the way for the Ottoman’s foreign dependency.

Considered the last lucrative treaty of the Ottoman Empire, What is the Belgrade Treaty, when was it made We examined the causes and consequences of questions such as: Despite the disintegration period that followed, this treaty signed by the Ottomans is considered an extremely important success. You can share your thoughts in the comments.